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what did 'work' mean in an ancient near eastern agricultural society compared to today?

The passage, plainly, with room to sit with it.

Genesis 3:17-19

To Adam he said, “Because you have listened to the voice of your wife, and have eaten of the tree, of which I commanded you, saying, ‘You shall not eat of it,’ cursed is the ground for your sake. In toil you will eat of it all the days of your life. Thorns also and thistles will it bring forth to you; and you will eat the herb of the field. By the sweat of your face will you eat bread until you return to the ground, for out of it you were taken. For you are dust, and to dust you will return.”

This passage is from the earliest part of the Bible, recounting the consequences after Adam and Eve ate from the forbidden tree in the Garden of Eden. It describes how their relationship with the world, and especially with work, changed.

How does this ancient understanding of toil challenge or confirm your contemporary experience of work?

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Read alongside it

  • Ecclesiastes 2:22-23

    Reflects on the futility and grief often found in human labor and striving.

  • 2 Thessalonians 3:10

    Emphasizes the importance of work for sustenance and order in the early Christian community.

  • Proverbs 14:23

    Highlights the practical benefit of hard work leading to profit, in contrast to mere talk.

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