You asked

how do other new testament figures like paul address the relationship between jews and gentiles?

The passage, plainly, with room to sit with it.

Romans 10:12

“For there is no distinction between Jew and Greek; for the same Lord is Lord of all, and is rich to all who call on him.”

The Apostle Paul, writing to the Roman church in the mid-first century CE, is passionately explaining how God's saving grace is available to everyone. He's wrestling with the historical privileges of the Jewish people and the new reality of faith in Jesus, showing that God's plan includes both.

What does it mean for our human distinctions and categories that God is described as "rich to all who call on him"?

Keep thinking

Read alongside it

Galatians 3:28
Paul states that in Christ there is neither Jew nor Gentile, slave nor free, male nor female.
Ephesians 2:14
This passage describes Christ breaking down the 'dividing wall' between Jew and Gentile.
Acts 10:34-35
Peter realizes that God shows no partiality, accepting people from every nation who fear him and do what is right.

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